USA: A startup is pushing the limits of geothermal energy with plans for what it calls the world’s first superhot geothermal power plant in Oregon.

 

A startup is pushing the limits of geothermal energy with plans for what it calls the world’s first superhot geothermal power plant in Oregon. The project, named Project Obsidian, is being developed by Quaise Energy and is targeting an initial capacity of 50 megawatts (MW) of continuous, always-on electricity by 2030.

Unlike conventional geothermal systems, this approach taps into rock temperatures above 300°C (572°F). At these extreme conditions, the energy output per well can be significantly higher, potentially delivering more power while using less land. According to the company, early analysis suggests that just a small number of wells could sustain the planned 50 MW output.

The site in Oregon is considered a Tier I location, where such high temperatures can be reached at around 5 kilometers (about 3 miles) below the surface. The first phase will involve two well systems targeting different temperature zones. One will access rock averaging 315°C (599°F), while the other aims for even hotter conditions at 365°C (689°F). The lower-temperature wells are expected to help refine drilling and operational methods before moving into more challenging territory.

To reach these depths, Quaise is developing a new drilling technique that uses millimeter-wave energy to melt and vaporize rock—an alternative to traditional drill bits that struggle under extreme heat and pressure. Initial wells, however, will still rely on conventional drilling methods.

If successful, the project could scale significantly. The company says future expansions may increase output to 250 MW, with long-term ambitions of reaching 1 gigawatt (GW) at the same site.

One notable aspect is the compact footprint. The first two well systems are expected to occupy about 20 acres, far smaller than typical wind or solar installations producing similar power.

Still, several uncertainties remain, including how underground fluids behave, what materials may surface during extraction, and the optimal plant design. The first confirmation well, expected to begin operating soon, will be key to answering these questions.