Denmark just activated the world's first offshore energy hub island — an artificial island in the North Sea that collects electricity from surrounding wind installations and transmits it simultaneously to Denmark, Germany, and the Netherlands through dedicated submarine cables.
The Bornholm Energy Island sits 80 kilometers off Denmark's northern coast, built on a 120,000-square-meter artificial platform on a shallow sandbank. The island converts 3,000 megawatts of surrounding offshore wind power into direct current for efficient long-distance submarine transmission to three national grids simultaneously. Island control systems dynamically adjust power flow to balance demand across all three countries in real time.
The energy island model eliminates the need for each country to independently cable every offshore wind installation to shore, reducing total subsea cable requirements by 60 percent compared to conventional individual wind farm connections. Denmark plans a second energy island in the Baltic Sea targeting 2,000 additional megawatts serving Sweden and Poland by 2032.
Source: Energinet Denmark, Danish Energy Agency, North Sea Energy Cooperation, 2025
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